V/0.  v.'LVChtO 


1 

UNIV.  OF  FL  JLIE5. 
DOCUMENTS  SEPT. 

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1 

1 

U.S.  DEPOSITORY 

iur. 


Issued  July  6, 1907. 


United  States  Department  of  Agriculture, 

OFFICE  OF  EXPERIMENT  STATIONS— CIRCULAR  68  (Rev.). 
A.  C.  True,  Director. 


Washington,  D.  C,  June  1,  1907. 
Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  transmit  herewith  and  to  recommend  for 
publication  as  a  circular  of  this  Office  a  compilation  of  Federal  legis- 
lation, regulations,  and  rulings  affecting*  the  agricultural  colleges  and 
experiment  stations.  Such  a  circular  is  especially  needed  in  connec- 
tion with  the  correspondence  of  the  Office  regarding-  the  organization 
and  work  of  the  agricultural  colleges  and  experiment  stations  and  the 
official  and  cooperative  relations  of  this  Department  with  these 
institutions. 

Respectfully, 

A.  C.  True,  Director. 
Hon.  James  Wilson, 

Secretary  of  Agriculture. 


FEDERAL    LEGISLATION,  REGULATIONS,  AND  RULINGS  AFFECT- 
ING AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGES  AND  EXPERIMENT  STATIONS. 

ACT  OF  1862  DONATING  LANDS  FOR  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGES. 

[First  Morrill  Act.] 

AN"  ACT  Donating  public  lands  to  the  Beveral  States  and  Territories  which  may  provide  colleges 

for  the  benefit  of  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts. 

Be  it  <  nacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Represi  ntatives  of  the  UniU  d  States  of  Amt  rica 
in  Co  embledf  That  there  be  granted  to  the  several  States,  for  the  purposes 

hereinafter  mentioned,  an  amount  of  public  land,  to  be  apportioned  to  each  State  a 
quantity  equal  to  thirty  thousand  acres  for  each  Senator  and  Representative  in  <  !on- 
to  which  the  States  are  respectively  entitled  by  the  apportionment  under  the 
census  of  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty:  Provided,  That  no  mineral  lands  shall  be 
selected,  or  purchased  under  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

2.  That  the  land  aforesaid,  after  being  surveyed,  -hall  be  apportioned  t<>  the 
tl  states  in  section.-  or  subdivisions  of  sections,  not  less  than  one-quarter  of  a 
165ft— 07 1 


section;  and  whenever  there  are  public  lands  in  a  State  subject  to  sale  at  private 
entry  at  one  dollar  and  twenty-five  cents  per  acre,  the  quantity  to  which  said  State 
shall  be  entitled  shall  be  selected  from  such  lands  within  the  limits  of  such  State, 
and  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  is  hereby  directed  to  issue  to  each  of  the  States  in 
which  there  is  not  the  quantity  of  public  lands  subject  to  sale  at  private  entry  at  one 
dollar  and  twenty-live  cents  per  acre  to  which  said  State  may  be  entitled  under  the 
provisions  of  this  act  land  scrip  to  the  amount  in  acres  for  the  deficiency  of  its 
distributive  share;  said  scrip  to  be  sold  by  said  States  and  the  proceeds  thereof 
applied  to  the  uses  and  purposes  prescribed  in  this  act  and  for  no  other  use  or  pur- 
pose whatsoever:  Provided,  That  in  no  case  shall  any  State  to  which  land  scrip  may 
thus  be  issued  be  allowed  to  locate  the  same  within  the  limits  of  any  other  State  or 
of  any  Territory  of  the  United  States,  but  their  assignees  may  thus  locate  said  land 
scrip  upon  any  of  the  unappropriated  lands  of  the  United  States  subject  to  sale  at 
private  entry  at  one  dollar  and  twenty-five  cents,  or  less,  per  acre:  And  provided 
farther,  That  not  more  than  one  million  acres  shall  be  located  by  such  assignees  in 
any  one  of  the  States:  And  provided  further,  That  no  such  location  shall  be  made 
before  one  year  from  the  passage  of  this  act. 

Sec.  3.  That  all  the  expenses  of  management,  superintendence,  and  taxes  from 
date  of  selection  of  said  lands,  previous  to  their  sales,  and  all  expenses  incurred  in 
the  management  and  disbursement  of  the  moneys  which  may  be  received  therefrom, 
shall  be  paid  by  the  States  to  which  they  may  belong,  out  of  the  Treasury  of  said 
States,  so  that  the  entire  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  said  lands  shall  be  applied  without 
any  diminution  whatever  to  the  purposes  hereinafter  mentioned. 

Sec  4.  That  all  moneys  derived  from  the  sale  of  the  lands  aforesaid  by  the  States 
to  which  the  lands  are  apportioned,  and  from  the  sales  of  land  scrip  hereinbefore 
provided  for,  shall  be  invested  in  stocks  of  the  United  States,  or  of  the  States,  or 
some  other  safe  stocks,  yielding  not  less  than  five  per  centum  upon  the  par  value  of 
said  stocks;  and  that  the  moneys  so  invested  shall  constitute  a  perpetual  fund,  the 
capital  of  which  shall  remain  forever  undiminished  (except  so  far  as  may  be  pro- 
vided in  section  fifth  of  this  act),  and  the  interest  of  which  shall  be  inviolably 
appropriated,  by  each  State  which  may  take  and  claim  the  benefit  of  this  act,  to  the 
endowment,  support,  and  maintenance  of  at  least  one  college  where  the  leading 
object  shall  be,  without  excluding  other  scientific  and  classical  studies,  and  includ- 
ing military  tactics,  to  teach  such  branches  of  learning  as  are  related  to  agriculture 
and  the  mechanic  arts,  in  such  manner  as  the  legislatures  of  the  States  may  respec- 
tively prescribe,  in  order  to  promote  the  liberal  and  practical  education  of  the  indus- 
trial classes  in  the  several  pursuits  and  professions  in  life. 

Sec  5.  That  the  grant  of  land  and  land  scrip  hereby  authorized  shall  be  made 
on  the  following  conditions,  to  which,  as  well  as  to  the  provisions  hereinbefore  con- 
tained, the  previous  assent  of  the  several  States  shall  be  signified  by  legislative  acts: 

First.  If  any  portion  of  the  fund  invested,  as  provided  by  the  foregoing  section, 
or  any  portion  of  the  interest  thereon,  shall,  by  any  action  or  contingency,  be 
diminished  or  lost,  it  shall  be  replaced  by  the  State  to  which  it  belongs,  so  that  the 
capital  of  the  fund  shall  remain  forever  undiminished;  and  the  annual  interest  shall 
be  regularly  applied  without  diminution  to  the  purposes  mentioned  in  the  fourth 
section  of  this  act,  except  that  a  sum,  not  exceeding  ten  per  centum  upon  the 
amount  received  by  any  State  under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  may  be  expended  for 
tin-  purchase  of  lands  for  sites  or  experimental  farms  wmenever  authorized  by  the 
respective  legislatures  of  said  States. 

Second.  No  portion  of  said  fund,  nor  the  interest  thereon,  shall  be  applied, 
directly  or  indirectly,  under  any  pretense  whatever,  to  the  purchase,  erection, 
preservation,  or  repair  of  any  building  or  buildings. 

Thinl.  Any  State  which  may  take  and  claim  the  benefit  of  the  provisions  of  this 
act  shall  provide,  within  live  years,  at  least  not  less  than  one  college,  as  described  in 


the  fourth  section  of  this  act,  or  the  grant  to  Buch  State  shall  cease;  and  said  State 
shall  be  bound  to  pay  the  United  States  the  amount  received  of  any  lands  previously 
sold  and  that  the  title  to  purchasers  under  the  State  shall  be  valid. 

Fourth.  An  annual  report  shall  he  made  regarding  the  progress  of  each  college, 
recording  any  Improvements  and  experiments  made,  with  their  cost  and  results,  and 
such  other  matters,  including  State  industrial  and  economical  statistics,  as  may  be 
supposed  useful,  one  copy  of  which  shall  be  transmitted  by  mail  free,  by  each,  to  all 
the  other  colleges  which  may  be  endowed  under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  and  also 
one  copy  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

Fifth.  When  lands  shall  be  selected  from  those  which  have  been  raised  to  double 
the  minimum  price,  in  consequence  of  railroad  grants,  they  shall  be  computed  to  the 
State  at  the  maximum  price  and  the  number  of  acres  proportionately  diminished. 

Sixth.  No  State  while  in  a  condition  of  rebellion  or  insurrection  against  the  Gov- 
ernment of  the  United  States  shall  be  entitled  to  the  benefit  of  this  act. 

Seventh.  No  State  shall  be  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  this  act  unless  it  shall  express 
its  acceptance  thereof  by  its  legislature  within  two  years  from  the  date  of  its  approval 
by  the  President, 

Sec.  6.  That  land  scrip  issued  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  not  be  subject 
to  location  until  after  the  first  day  of  January,  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and 
sixty-three. 

Sec.  7.  That  the  land  officers  shall  receive  the  same  fees  for  locating  land  scrip 
issued  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  as  is  now  allowred  for  the  location  of  military 
bounty  land  warrants  under  existing  laws:  Provided,  Their  maximum  compensation 
shall  not  be  thereby  increased. 

Sec.  8.  That  the  governors  of  the  several  States  to  which  scrip  shall  be  issued 
under  this  act  shall  be  required  to  report  annually  to  Congress  all  sales  made  of  such 
scrip  until  the  whole  shall  be  disposed  of,  the  amount  received  for  the  same,  and 
what  appropriation  has  been  made  of  the  proceeds. 

Approved,  July  2,  1862. 

ACT  OF    1866    EXTENDING  THE    TIME  WITHIN  WHICH  AGRICUL- 
TURAL COLLEGES  MAY  BE  ESTABLISHED. 

AN  ACT  To  amend  the  fifth  section  of  an  act  entitled  "An  act  donating  public  lands  to  the  several 
States  and  Territories  which  may  provide  colleges  for  the  benefit  of  agriculture  and  the  mechanic- 
arts,"  approved  July  2,  1862,  so  as  to  extend  the  time  within  which  the  provisions  of  said  act  shall 
be  accepted  and  such  colleges  established. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America 
in  Congress  assembled,  That  the  time  in  which  the  several  States  may  comply  with 
the  provisions  of  the  act  of  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two,  entitled 
"An  act  donating  public  lands  to  the  several  States  and  Territories  which  may  pro- 
vide colleges  for  the  benefit  of  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts,"  is  hereby  extended 
BO  that  the  acceptance  of  the  benefits  of  the  said  act  may  be  expressed  within  three 
year.-  from  the  passage  of  this  act,  and  the  colleges  required  by  the  said  act  may  be 
provided  within  five  years  from  the  date  of  the  filing  of  such  acceptance  with  the 
Commissioner  of  the  General  Land  Office:  Provided,  That  when  any  Territory  shall 
become  a  State  and  be  admitted  into  the  CJnion,  such  new  State  shall  be  entitled  to 
tin-  benefits  of  the  said  act  of  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two,  by 
expressing  the  acceptance  therein  required  within  three  years  from  the  date  of  its 
admission  into  the  Union,  and  providing  the  college  or  colleges  within  five  years 
after  such  acceptance,  as  prescribed  in  this  act:  Provided  further,  That  any  state 
which  has  heretofore  expressed  its  acceptance  of  the  ad  herein  referred  to  shall 
have  the  period  of  five  years  within  which  to  provideal  least  one  college,  as  described 
in  the  fourth  section  of  said  act,  after  the  time  for  providing  said  college,  according 
to  the  act  of  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two,  shall  have  expired. 

Approved,  July  23,  L866. 


ACT  OF  1887  ESTABLISHING  AGRICULTURAL,   EXPERIMENT 

STATIONS. 

[Hatch  Act.] 

AN  ACT  To  establish  agricultural  experiment  stations  in  connection  with  the  colleges  established 
in  the  several  States  under  the  provisions  of  an  act  approved  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and 
sixty-two,  and  of  the  acts  supplementary  thereto. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of  America 
in  Congress  assembled,  That  in  order  to  aid  in  acquiring  and  diffusing  among  the 
people  of  the  United  States  useful  and  practical  information  on  subjects  connected 
with  agriculture,  and  to  promote  scientific  investigation  and  experiment  respecting 
the  principles  and  applications  of  agricultural  science,  there  shall  be  established 
under  direction  of  the  college  or  colleges  or  agricultural  department  of  colleges  in 
each  State  or  Territory  established,  or  which  may  hereafter  be  established,  in  accord- 
ance with  the  provisions  of  an  act  approved  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and 
sixtyrtwo,  entitled  "An  act  donating  public  lands  to  the  several  States  and  Territories 
which  may  provide  colleges  for  the  benefit  of  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts,"  or 
any  of  the  supplements  to  said  act,  a  department  to  be  known  and  designated  as  an 
' '  agricultural  experiment  station : ' '  Provided,  That  in  any  State  or  Territory  in  which 
two  such  colleges  have  been  or  may  be  so  established  the  appropriation  hereinafter 
made  to  such  State  or  Territory  shall  be  equally  divided  between  such  colleges, 
unless  the  legislature  of  such  State  or  Territory  shall  otherwise  direct. 

Sec.  2.  That  it  shall  be  the  object  and  duty  of  said  experiment  stations  to  conduct 
original  researches  or  verify  experiments  on  the  physiology  of  plants  and  animals; 
the  diseases  to  which  they  are  severally  subject,  with  the  remedies  of  the  same;  the 
chemical  composition  of  useful  plants  at  their  different  stages  of  growth;  the  com- 
parative advantages  of  rotative  cropping  as  pursued  under  the  varying  series  of 
crops;  the  capacity  of  new  plants  or  trees  for  acclimation;  the  analysis  of  soils  and 
water;  the  chemical  composition  of  manures,  natural  or  artificial,  with  experiments 
designed  to  test  their  comparative  effects  on  crops  of  different  kinds;  the  adaptation 
and  value  of  grasses  and  forage  plants;  the  composition  and  digestibility  of  the 
different  kinds  of  food  for  domestic  animals;  the  scientific  and  economic  questions 
involved  in  the  production  of  butter  and  cheese;  and  such  other  researches  or  experi- 
ments bearing  directly  on  the  agricultural  industry  of  the  United  States  as  may  in 
each  case  be  deemed  advisable,  having  due  regard  to  the  varying  conditions  and 
needs  of  the  respective  States  and  Territories. 

Sec.  3.  That  in  order  to  secure,  as  far  as  practicable,  uniformity  of  methods  and 
results  in  the  work  of  said  stations,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  United  States  Com- 
missioner [now  Secretary]  of  Agriculture  to  furnish  forms,  as  far  as  practicable,  for 
the  tabulation  of  results  of  investigation  or  experiments;  to  indicate  from  time  to 
time  such  lines  of  inquiry  as  to  him  shall  seem  most  important,  and,  in  general,  to 
furnish  such  advice  and  assistance  as  will  best  promote  the  purpose  of  this  act.  It 
shall  be  the  duty  of  each  of  said  stations  annually,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of 
February,  to  make  to  the  governor  of  the  State  or  Territory  in  which  it  is  located  a 
full  and  detailed  report  of  its  operations,  including  a  statement  of  receipts  and  expend- 
itures, a  copy  of  which  report  shall  be  sent  to  each  of  said  stations,  to  the  said  Com- 
missioner [now  Secretary]  of  Agriculture,  and  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  of 
the  United  States. 

Sec  4.  That  bulletins  or  reports  of  progress  shall  be  published  at  said  stations 
at  least  once  in  three  months,  one  copy  of  which  shall  be  sent  to  each  newspaper 
in  the  States  or  Territories  in  which  they  are  respectively  located,  and  to  such  indi- 
viduals actually  engaged  in  fanning  as  may  request  the  same  and  as  far  as  the  means 
of  the  station  will  permit.  Such  bulletins  or  reports  and  the  annual  reports  of  said 
stations  shall  be  transmitted  in  the  mails  of  the  United  States  free  of  charge  for  post- 
al.-, under  such  regulations  as  the  Postmaster-General  may  from  time  to  time 
prescribe. 


Sec,  5.  That  tor  the  purpose  <>t  paying  the  necessary  expenses  of  conducting  inves- 
tigations and  experiments  and  printing  and  distributing  the  results  as  hereinbefore 
prescribed,  the  sum  of  fifteen  thousand  dollars  per  annum  is  hereby  appropriated  to 
each  State,  to  be  specially  provided  for  by  Congress  in  the  appropriations  from  year 
to  year,  and  to  each  Territory  entitled  under  the  provisions  of  section  eight  of  this 
aet.  cut  of  any  money  in  the  Treasury  proceeding  from  the  sales  of  public  lands,  to 
be  paid  in  equal  quarterly  payments  on  the  first  day  of  January,  April,  July,  and 
October  in  each  year,  to  the  treasurer  or  other  officer  duly  appointed  by  the  govern- 
ing boards  of  said  colleges  to  receive  the  same,  the  first  payment  to  be  made  on  the 
first  day  of  October,  eighteen  hundred  and  eighty-seven:  Provided,  howerer,  That  out 
of  the  first  annual  appropriation  so  received  by  any  station  an  amount  not  exceeding 
one-fifth  maybe  expended  in  the  erection,  enlargement,  or  repair  of  a  building  or 
buildings  necessary  for  carrying  on  the  work  of  such  station;  and  thereafter  an  amount 
not  exceeding  five  per  centum  of  such  annual  appropriation  may  be  so  expended. 

Sec  6.  That  whenever  it  shall  appear  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  from  the 
annual  statement  of  receipts  and  expenditures  of  any  of  said  stations  that  a  portion 
of  the  preceding  annual  appropriation  remains  unexpended,  such  amount  shall  be 
deducted  from  the  next  succeeding  annual  appropriation  to  such  station,  in  orderthat 
the  amount  of  money  appropriated  to  any  station  shall  not  exceed  the  amount  actu- 
ally and  necessarily  required  for  its  maintenance  and  support. 

Sec.  7.  That  nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  construed  to  impair  or  modify  the  legal 
relation  existing  between  any  of  the  said  colleges  and  the  government  of  the  States 
or  Territories  in  which  they  are  respectively  located. 

Sec  8.  That  in  States  having  colleges  entitled  under  this  section  to  the  benefits  of 
this  act  and  having  also  agricultural  experiment  stations  established  by  law  separate 
from  said  colleges,  such  States  shall  be  authorized  to  apply  such  benefits  to  experi- 
ments at  stations  so  established  by  such  States;  and  in  case  any  State  shall  have 
established,  under  the  provisions  of  said  act  of  July  second  aforesaid,  an  agricultural 
department  or  experimental  station  in  connection  with  any  university,  college,  or 
institution  not  distinctly  an  agricultural  college  or  school,  and  such  State  shall  have 
established  or  shall  hereafter  establish  a  separate  agricultural  college  or  school,  which 
shall  have  connected  therewith  an  experimental  farm  or  station,  the  legislature  of 
such  State  may  apply  in  whole  or  in  part  the  appropriation  by  this  act  made  to 
such  separate  agricultural  college  or  school,  and  no  legislature  shall  by  contract, 
express  or  implied,  disable  itself  from  so  doing. 

Sec.  9.  That  the  grants  of  moneys  authorized  by  this  act  are  made  subject  to  the 
legislative  assent  of  the  several  States  and  Territories  to  the  purposes  of  said  grants: 
Provided,  That  payment  of  such  installments  of  the  appropriation  herein  made  as 
shall  become  due  to  any  State  before  the  adjournment  of  the  regular  session  of  its 
legislature  meeting  next  after  the  passage  of  this  act  shall  be  made  upon  the  assent 
of  the  governor  thereof  duly  certified  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

Sec  10.  Nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  held  or  construed  as  binding  the  United 
States  t->  continue  any  payments  from  the  Treasury  to  any  or  all  the  States  or  insti- 
tutions mentioned  in  this  act,  but  Congress  may  at  any  time  amend,  suspend,  or 
repeal  any  <>r  all  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

Approved,  March  2,  1S87. 

ACT  OF  1890  FOR    THE  FURTHER   ENDOWMENT  OF  AGRICUL- 
TURAL COLLEGES. 

rad  Morrill  Act.] 

AN  ACT  To  apply  a  portion  <>f  the  proceeds  of  the  public  lands  to  the  more  complete  endowment 
and  support  of  th  For  the  benefit  of  agriculture  and  the  mechanic  arts  established  under 

the  provisions  of  an  act  of  Congress  approved  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two. 

Be  ii  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  Hous<  of  Representatives  oftht  United  States  of  America 

in  congress  assembled,  That  there  ehall  be,  and  hereby  is,  annually  appropriated,  out 


of  any  money  in  the  Treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  arising  from  the  sales  of 
public  lands,  to  be  paid  as  hereinafter  provided,  to  each  State  and  Territory  for  the 
more  complete  endowment  and  maintenance  of  colleges  for  the  benefit  of  agriculture 
and  the  mechanic  arts  now  established,  or  which  may  be  hereafter  established,  in 
accordance  with  an  act  of  Congress  approved  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and 
sixty-two,  the  sum  of  fifteen  thousand  dollars  for  the  year  ending  June  thirtieth, 
eighteen  hundred  and  ninety,  and  an  annual  increase  of  the  amount  of  such  appro- 
priation thereafter  for  ten  years  by  an  additional  sum  of  one  thousand  dollars  over 
the  preceding  year,  and  the  annual  amount  to  be  paid  thereafter  to  each  State  and 
Territory  shall  be  twenty-five  thousand  dollars,  to  be  applied  only  to  instruction  in 
agriculture,  the  mechanic  arts,  the  English  language,  and  the  various  branches  of 
mathematical,  physical,  natural,  and  economic  science,  with  special  reference  to  their 
applications  in  the  industries  of  life  and  to  the  facilities  for  such  instruction:  Provided, 
That  no  money  shall  be  paid  out  under  this  act  to  any  State  or  Territory  for  the 
support  and  maintenance  of  a  college  where  a  distinction  of  race  or  color  is  made  in 
the  admission  of  students,  but  the  establishment  and  maintenance  of  such  college 
separately  for  white  and  colored  students  shall  be  held  to  be  a  compliance  with  the 
provisions  of  this  act  if  the  funds  received  in  such  State  or  Territory  be  equitably 
divided  as  hereinafter  set  forth:  Provided,  That  in  any  State  in  which  there  has  been 
one  college  established  in  pursuance  of  the  act  of  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and 
sixty-two,  and  also  in  which  an  educational  institution  of  like  character  has  been 
established,  or  may  be  hereafter  established,  and  is  now  aided  by  such  State  from 
its  owTn  revenue,  for  the  education  of  colored  students  in  agriculture  and  the  mechanic 
arts,  however  named  or  styled,  or  whether  or  not  it  has  received  money  heretofore 
under  the  act  to  which  this  act  is  an  amendment,  the  legislature  of  such  State  may 
propose  and  report  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  a  just  and  equitable  division  of 
the  fund  to  be  received  under  this  act,  between  one  college  for  white  students  and 
one  institution  for  colored  students,  established  as  aforesaid,  which  shall  be  divided 
into  two  parts,  and  paid  accordingly,  and  thereupon  such  institution  for  colored  stu- 
dents shall  be  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  this  act  and  subject  to  its  provisions,  as 
much  as  it  would  have  been  if  it  had  been  included  under  the  act  of  eighteen  hun- 
dred and  sixty-two,  and  the  fulfillment  of  the  foregoing  provisions  shall  be  taken  as 
a  compliance  with  the  provisions  in  reference  to  separate  colleges  for  white  and 
colored  students. 

Sec.  2.  That  the  sums  hereby  appropriated  to  the  States  and  Territories  for  the 
further  endowment  and  support  of  colleges  shall  be  annually  paid  on  or  before  the 
thirty-first  day  of  July  of  each  year,  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  upon  the  war- 
rant of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  out  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States,  to  the 
State  or  Territorial  treasurer,  or  to  such  officer  as  shall  be  designated  by  the  laws  of 
such  State  or  Territory  to  receive  the  same,  who  shall,  upon  the  order  of  the  trus- 
tees of  the  college  or  the  institution  for  colored  students,  immediately  pay  over  said 
sums  to  the  treasurers  of  the  respective  colleges  or  other  institutions  entitled  to 
receive  the  same,  and  such  treasurers  shall  be  required  to  report  to  the  Secretary  of 
Agriculture  and  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  September 
of  each  year,  a  detailed  statement  of  the  amount  so  received  and  of  its  disbursement. 
The  grants  of  moneys  authorized  by  this  act  are  made  subject  to  the  legislative  assent 
of  the  several  States  and  Territories  to  the  purpose  of  said  grants:  Provided,  That 
payments  of  such  installments  of  the  appropriation  herein  made  as  shaU  become  due 
to  any  State  before  the  adjournment  of  the  regular  session  of  legislature  meeting 
next  after  the  passage  of  this  act  shall  be  made  upon  the  assent  of  the  governor 
thereof,  duly  certified  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

Sec.  3.  That  if  any  portion  of  the  moneys  received  by  the  designated  officer  of 
the  State  or  Territory  for  the  further  and  more  complete  endowment,  support,  and 
maintenance  of  colleges,  or  of  institutions  for  colored  students,  as  provided  in  this 


act,  shall,  by  any  action  or  contingency,  be  diminished  or  lost,  or  be  misapplied,  it 
shall  be  replaced  by  the  state  or  Territory  to  which  it  belongs,  and  until  bo  replaced 
n«>  subsequent  appropriation  shall  be  apportioned  or  paid  to  such  state  or  Territory; 
and  no  portion  of  said  moneys  shall  be  applied,  directly  or  indirectly,  under  any 

pretense  whatever,  to  the  purchase,  erection,  preservation,  or  repair  of  any  building 
or  buildings.  An  annual  report  by  the  president  of  each  of  said  colleges  shall  be 
made  to  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  as  well  as  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior, 
regarding  the  condition  and  progress  of  each  college,  including  statistical  informa- 
tion in  relation  to  its  receipts  and  expenditures,  its  library,  the  number  of  its  stu- 
dents and  professors,  and  also  as  to  any  improvements  and  experiments  made  under 
the  direction  of  any  experiment  stations  attached  to  said  colleges,  with  their  costs 
and  results  and  such  other  industrial  and  economical  statistics  as  may  be  regarded  as 
useful,  one  copy  of  which  shall  be  transmitted  by  mail  free  to  all  other  colleges 
further  endowed  under  this  act. 

Six.  4.  That  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  July  in  each  year,  after  the  passage  of 
this  act,  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  shall  ascertain  and  certify  to  the  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury  as  to  each  State  and  Territory  whether  it  is  entitled  to  receive  its  share 
of  the  annual  appropriation  for  colleges,  or  of  institutions  for  colored  students,  under 
this  act,  and  the  amount  which  thereupon  each  is  entitled,  respectively,  to  receive. 
If  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  shall  withhold  a  certificate  from  any  State  or  Terri- 
tory of  its  appropriation,  the  facts  and  reasons  therefor  shall  be  reported  to  the  Presi- 
dent, and  the  amount  involved  shall  be  kept  separate  in  the  Treasury  until  the  close 
of  the  next  Congress,  in  order  that  the  State  or  Territory  may,  if  it  should  so  desire, 
appeal  to  Congress  from  the  determination  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior.  If  the 
next  Congress  shall  not  direct  such  sum  to  be  paid,  it  shall  be  covered  into  the  Treas- 
ury. And  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  is  hereby  charged  with  the  proper  adminis- 
tration of  this  law. 

Sec.  5.  That  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  shall  annually  report  to  Congress  the 
disbursements  which  have  been  made  in  all  the  States  and  Territories,  and  also 
whether  the  appropriation  of  any  State  or  Territory  has  been  withheld,  and,  if  so, 
the  reasons  therefor. 

Sec  6.  Congress  may  at  any  time  amend,  suspend,  or  repeal  any  or  all  of  the 
provisions  of  this  act. 

Approved,  August  30,  1890. 

ACT  OF  1906  FOR  THE  FURTHER  ENDOWMENT  OF  AGRICULTURAL 
EXPERIMENT   STATIONS. 

[Adams  Act.] 

AN  ACT  To  provide  for  an  increased  animal  appropriation  for  agricultural  experiment  stations  and 
regulating  the  expenditure  thereof. 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  <ntd  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  Siatis  of  America 

in  Congress  assembled,  That  there  shall  be,  and  hereby  is,  annually  appropriated,  out 
of  any  money  in  the  Treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  to  be  paid  as  hereinafter 
provided,  to  each  State  and  Territory,  for  the  more  complete  endowment  and  main- 
tenance of  agricultural  experiment  stations  now  established  or  which  may  hereafter 
stablished  in  accordance  with  the  act  of  Congress  approved  March  second, 
eighteen  hundred  and  eLdity-seven,  the  sum  of  five  thousand  dollars  in  addition  to 
im  named  in  said  act  for  the  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and 
six,  and  an  annual  increase  of  the  amount  of  such  appropriation  thereafter  for  live 
years  by  an  additional  sum  of  two  thousand  dollars  over  the  preceding  year,  and  the; 
annual  amount  to  be  paid  thereafter  to  each  Stat*;  and  Territory  shall  !><•  thirty 
thousand  dollars,  to  be  applied  only  to  paying  the  necessary  expenses  "i"  conducting 
original  res  or  experiments  bearing  directly  on  the  agricultural  industry  of 


8 

the  United  States,  having  due  regard  to  the  varying  conditions  and  needs  of  the 
respective  States  or  Territories. 

Sec.  2.  That  the  sums  hereby  appropriated  to  the  States  and  Territories  for  the 
further  endowment  and  support  of  agricultural  experiment  stations  shall  be  annually 
paid  in  equal  quarterly  payments  on  the  first  day  of  January,  April,  July,  and 
October  of  each  year  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  upon  the  warrant  of  the  Sec- 
retary of  Agriculture,  out  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States,  to  the  treasurer  or 
other  officer  duly  appointed  by  the  governing  boards  of  said  experiment  stations  to 
receive  the  same,  and  such  officers  shall  be  required  to  report  to  the  Secretary  of 
Agriculture  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  September  of  each  year  a  detailed  statement 
of  the  amount  so  received  and  of  its  disbursement,  on  schedules  prescribed  by  the 
Secretary  of  Agriculture.  The  grants  of  money  authorized  by  this  act  are  made 
subject  to  legislative  assent  of  the  several  States  and  Territories  to  the  purpose  of 
said  grants:  Proiided,  That  payment  of  such  installments  of  the  appropriation  herein 
made  as  shall  become  due  to  any  State  or  Territory  before  the  adjournment  of  the 
regular  session  of  legislature  meeting  next  after  the  passage  of  this  act  shall  be  made 
upon  the  assent  of  the  governor  thereof,  duly  certified  by  the  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury. 

•  Sec.  3.  That  if  any  portion  of  the  moneys  received  by  the  designated  officer  of  any 
State  or  Territory  for  the  further  and  more  complete  endowment,  support,  and  main- 
tenance of  agricultural  experiment  stations  as  provided  in  this  act  shall  by  any 
action  or  contingency  be  diminished  or  lost  or  be  misapplied,  it  shall  be  replaced  by 
said  State  or  Territory  to  which  it  belongs,  and  until  so  replaced  no  subsequent 
appropriation  shall  be  apportioned  or  paid  to  such  State  or  Territory;  and  no  portion 
of  said  moneys  exceeding  five  per  centum  of  each  annual  appropriation  shall  be 
applied,  directly  or  indirectly,  under  any  pretense  whatever,  to  the  purchase,  erec- 
tion, preservation,  or  repair  of  any  building  or  buildings,  or  to  the  purchase  or  rental 
of  land.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  each  of  said  stations  annually,  on  or  before  the  first 
day  of  February,  to  make  to  the  governor  of  the  State  or  Territory  in  which  it  is 
located  a  full  and  detailed  report  of  its  operations,  including  a  statement  of  receipts 
and  expenditures,  a  copy  of  which  report  shall  be  sent  to  each  of  said  stations;  to  the 
Secretary  of  Agriculture,  and  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States. 

Sec  4.  That  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  July  in  each  year  after  the  passage  of  this 
act  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  shall  ascertain  and  certify  to  the  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury  as  to  each  State  and  Territory  whether  it  is  complying  with  the  provisions 
of  this  act  and  is  entitled  to  receive  its  share  of  the  annual  appropriation  for  agri- 
cultural experiment  stations  under  this  act  and  the  amount  which  thereupon  each 
is  entitled,  respectively,  to  receive.  If  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  shall  withhold 
a  certificate  from  any  State  or  Territory  of  its  appropriation,  the  facts  and  reasons 
therefor  shall  be  reported  to  the  President  and  the  amount  involved  shall  be  kept 
separate  in  the  Treasury  until  the  close  of  the  next  Congress  in  order  that  the  State 
or  Territory  may,  if  it  shall  so  desire,  appeal  to  Congress  from  the  determination  of 
the  Secretary  of  Agriculture.  If  the  next  Congress  shall  not  direct  such  sum  to  be 
paid,  it  shall  be  covered  into  the  Treasury;  and  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  is 
hereby  charged  with  the  proper  administration  of  this  law. 

Sec.  5.  That  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  shall  make  an  annual  report  to  Congress 
on  the  receipts  and  expenditures  and  work  of  the  agricultural  experiment  stations  in 
all  of  the  States  and  Territories,  and  also  whether  the  appropriation  of  any  State  or 
Territory  has  been  withheld;  and  if  so,  the  reason  therefor. 

Sec  6.  That  Congress  may  at  any  time  amend,  suspend,  or  repeal  any  or  all  of  the 
provisions  of  this  act. 

Approved,  March  16,  1906. 


CLAUSE  IN  ACT  MAKING  APPROPRIATIONS  FOR  THE  U.  S.  DEPART- 
MENT OF  AGRICULTURE  FOR  THE  FISCAL  YEAR  ENDING  JUNE 
30,  1907,  INTERPRETING  THE  ACT  OF  MARCH  16,  1906  (ADAMS 
ACT). 

The  act  of  Congress  approved  March  sixteenth,  nineteen  hundred  and  Bix,  entitled 
"An  act  to  provide  for  an  increased  annual  appropriation  for  agricultural  experi- 
ment stations  and  regulating  the  expenditures  thereof,"  shall  be  construed  to  appro- 
priate for  each  station  the  sum  of  five  thousand  dollars  for  the  fiscal  year  ending 
June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  six,  the  sum  of  seven  thousand  dollars  for  the 
fiscal  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  seven,  the  sum  of  nine  thou- 
sand dollars  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  .Tune  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  eight, 
the  sum  of  eleven  thousand  dollars  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen 
hundred  and  nine,  the  sum  of  thirteen  thousand  dollars  for  the  fiscal  year  ending 
June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  ten,  and  the  sum  of  fifteen  thousand  dollars 
for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  eleven.  The  sum  of 
five  thousand  dollars  appropriated  for  the  fiscal  year  nineteen  hundred  and  six  shall 
be  paid  on  or  before  June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred  and  six,  and  the  amounts 
appropriated  for  the  subsequent  years  shall  be  paid  as  provided  in  the  said  act  to 
each  State  and  Territory  for  the  more  complete  endowment  and  maintenance  of  agri- 
cultural experiment  stations  now  established  or  which  may  hereafter  be  established 
in  accordance  with  the  act  of  Congress  approved  March  second,  eighteen  hundred 
and  eighty-seven. 

Approved,  June  30,  1906. 

CLAUSE  IN  ACT  MAKING  APPROPRIATIONS  FOR  THE  U.  S.  DEPART- 
MENT OF  AGRICULTURE  FOR  THE  FISCAL  YEAR  ENDING  JUNE 
30,  1908,  FOR  THE  FURTHER  ENDOWMENT  OF  AGRICULTURAL 
COLLEGES. 

[Nelson  amendment.] 

*  *  *  That  there  shall  be,  and  hereby  is,  annually  appropriated,  out  of  any 
money  in  the  Treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  to  be  paid  as  hereinafter  pro- 
vided, to  each  State  and  Territory  for  the  more  complete  endowment  and  mainte- 
nance of  agricultural  colleges  now  established,  or  which  may  hereafter  be  estab- 
lished, in  accordance  with  the  act  of  Congress  approved  July  second,  eighteen  hun- 
dred and  sixty-two,  and  the  act  of  Congress  approved  August  thirtieth,  eighteen 
hundred  and  ninety,  the  sum  of  five  thousand  dollars,  in  addition  to  the  sums 
named  in  the  said  act,  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  nineteen  hundred 
and  eight,  and  an  annual  increase  of  the  amount  of  such  appropriation  thereafter 
for  four  years  by  an  additional  sum  of  five  thousand  dollars  over  the  preceding 
year,  and  the  annual  sum  to  be  paid  thereafter  to  each  State  and  Territory  shall  be 
fifty  thousand  dollars,  to  be  applied  only  tor  the  purposes  of  the  agricultural  col- 
leges as  defined  and  limited  in  the  act  of  Congress  approved  July  second,  eighteen 
hundred  and  sixty-two.  and  the  act  of  Congress  approved  August  thirtieth,  eighteen 
hundred  and  ninety. 

That  the  sum  hereby  appropriated  to  the  States  and  Territories  for  the  further 
endowment  and  support  of  the  colleges  shall  be  paid  by,  to,  and  in  the  manner  pre- 
scribed by  the  ad  of  Coir_rr.--<  approved  Augnsl  thirtieth,  eighteen  hundred  and 
ninety,  entitled  "An  act  to  apply  a  portion  of  the  proceeds  of  the  public  lands  t<> 
the  more  complete  endowment  and  support  of  the  colleges  for  the  benefit  of  agri- 
culture and  the  mechanic  arts  established  under  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  Con- 
approved  July  Becond,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two,"  and  the  expenditure 
1658—07 2 


10 

of  the  said  money  shall  be  governed  in  all  respects  by  the  provisions  of  the  said 
act  of  Congress  approved  July  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty-two,  and  the 
said  act  of  Congress  approved  August  thirtieth,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety: 
Prodded,  That  said  colleges  may  use  a  portion  of  this  money  for  providing  courses 
for  the  special  preparation  of  instructors  for  teaching  the  elements  of  agriculture 
and  the  mechanic  arts. 
Approved  March  4,  1907. 

CLAUSE  IN  ACT  PROVIDING  FOR  THE  PRINTING,  BINDING,  AND 
DISTRIBUTION  OF  PUBLIC  DOCUMENTS,  CONSTITUTING  THE 
LAND-GRANT  COLLEGES  DEPOSITORIES. 

"All  land-grant  colleges  shall  be  constituted  as  depositories  for  public  documents, 
subject  to  the  provisions  and  limitations  of  the  depository  laws." 
Approved,  March  1,  1907. 

EXTRACTS  FROM  AN  ACT  MAKING  APPROPRIATIONS  FOR  THE 
DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE  FOR  THE  FISCAL  YEAR  ENDING 
JUNE  30,   1908. 

Agricultural  experiment  stations:  To  carry  into  effect  the  provisions  of  an  act 
approved  March  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  eighty-seven,  entitled  "  An  act  to 
establish  agricultural  experiment  stations  in  connection  with  the  colleges  established 
in  the  several  States  under  the  provisions  of  an  act  approved  July  second,  eighteen 
hundred  and  sixty-two,  and  of  the  acts  supplementary  thereto,"  and  to  enforce  the 
execution  thereof,  eight  hundred  and  twenty-seven  thousand  dollars,  thirty  thou- 
sand dollars  of  which  sum  shall  be  payable  upon  the  order  of  the  Secretary  of  Agri- 
culture, to  enable  him  to  carry  out  the  provisions  of  section  three  of  said  act  of 
March  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  eighty-seven,  and  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture 
shall  prescribe  the  form  of  the  annual  financial  statement  required  by  section  three 
of  said  act  of  March  second,  eighteen  hundred  and  eighty-seven;  shall  ascertain 
whether  the  expenditures  under  the  appropriation  hereby  made  are  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  said  act,  and  shall  make  report  thereon  to  Congress,  and  to 
carry  out  the  provisions  of  sections  two,  four,  and  five  of  an  act  approved  March 
sixteenth,  nineteen  hundred  and  six,  entitled  "An  act  to  provide  for  an  increased 
annual  appropriation  for  agricultural  experiment  stations  and  regulating  the  expend- 
iture thereof,"  and  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  is  hereby  authorized  to  rent  offices 
and  to  employ  such  assistants,  clerks,  and  other  persons  as  he  may  deem  necessary, 
in  the  city  of  Washington  and  elsewhere,  and  to  incur  such  other  expenses  for  office 
fixtures  and  supplies,  stationery,  traveling,  freight,  and  express  charges,  illustration 
of  the  Experiment  Station  Record,  bulletins,  and  reports  as  he  may  find  essential  in 
carrying  out  the  objects  of  the  above  acts;  and  the  sums  apportioned  to  the  several 
States  shall  be  paid  quarterly  in  advance.  And  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  is 
hereby  authorized  to  furnish  to  such  institutions  or  individuals  as  may  care  to  buy 
them,  copies  of  the  card  index  of  agricultural  literature  prepared  by  the  Office  of 
Experiment  Stations,  and  charge  for  the  same  a  price  covering  the  additional  expense 
involved  in  the  preparation  of  these  copies;  and  he  is  hereby  authorized  to  apply 
the  moneys  received  toward  the  expense  of  the  preparation  of  the  index,  and  this 
fund  shall  be  available  until  used;  and  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  is  hereby  author- 
ized to  expend  seventy-two  thousand  dollars,  of  which  sum  to  establish  and  main- 
tain agricultural  experiment  stations  in  Alaska,  Hawaii,  and  Porto  Rico,  including 
the  erection  of  buildings,  the  printing  (in  Hawaii  and  Porto  Rico),  illustration,  and 
distribution  of  reports  and  bulletins:  Prodded,  That  not  more  than  twenty-four 
thousand  dollars  shall  be  expended  for  the  maintenance  of  such  stations  in  any  one 
of  said  Territories;  and  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  is  authorized  to  sell  such  prod- 


11 

ucts  as  are  obtained  on  the  land  belonging  to  the  agricultural  experiment  stations  in 
Alaska,  Hawaii,  and  Porto  Rico  and  to  apply  the  money  received  from  the  sale  of 
such  products  to  the  maintenance  of  said  stations,  and  this  fund  shall  be  available 
until  used;  in  all,  eight  hundred  and  twenty-seven  thousand  dollars:  Provided,  That 
five  thousand  dollars  of  this  sum  shall  be  used  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  to 
investigate  and  report  upon  the  organization  and  progress  of  farmers'  institutes  and 
agricultural  schools  in  the  several  States  and  Territories,  and  upon  similar  organiza- 
tions in  foreign  countries,  with  special  suggestions  of  plans  and  methods  for  making 
such  organizations  more  effective  for  the  dissemination  of  the  results  of  the  work  of 
the  Department  of  Agriculture  and  the  agricultural  experiment  stations  and  of 
improved  methods  of  agricultural  practice.  And  the  employees  of  the  experiment 
stations  in  Alaska,  Hawaii,  and  Porto  Rico  may  hereafter,  in  the  discretion  of  the 
Secretary  of  Agriculture,  without  additional  expense  to  the  Government,  be  granted 
leave  of  absence  not  to  exceed  fifteen  days  in  any  one  year,  which  leave  may,  in 
exceptional  and  meritorious  cases  where  such  an  employee  is  ill,  be  extended,  in  the 
discretion  of  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  not  to  exceed  fifteen  days  additional  in 
any  one  year. 

Nutrition  Investigations:  To  enable  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  to  incur  such 
expenses  as  may  be  necessary  for  the  packing,  transporting  to  and  storing  in  Wash- 
ington, District  of  Columbia,  of  all  apparatus  now  the  property  of  the  Government 
and  used  in  the  nutrition  investigations,  five  thousand  dollars,  or  so  much  thereof 
as  may  be  necessary. 

Irrigation  and  drainage  investigations:  To  enable  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture 
to  investigate  and  report  upon  the  laws  of  the  States  and  Territories  as  affecting  irri- 
gation and  the  rights  of  appropriators  and  of  riparian  proprietors  and  institutions 
relating  to  irrigation  and  upon  the  use  of  irrigation  waters,  at  home  and  abroad, 
with  especial  suggestions  of  the  best  methods  for  the  utilization  of  irrigation 
waters  in  agriculture,  and  upon  plans  for  the  removal  of  seepage  and  surplus  waters 
by  drainage,  and  upon  the  use  of  different  kinds  of  power  and  appliances  for  irriga- 
tion and  drainage,  and  for  the  preparation,  printing,  and  illustration  of  reports  and 
bulletins  on  irrigation  and  drainage,  including  employment  of  labor  in  the  city  of 
Washington  or  elsewhere;  and  all  necessary  expenses,  one  hundred  and  fifty  thou- 
sand dollars. 

Total  for  Office  of  Experiment  Stations,  one  million  and  thirteen  thousand  two 
hundred  and  twenty  dollars." 

Bureau"  of  Animal  Industry.  *  *  *  Provided,  also,  That  the  Secretary  of 
Agriculture  is  authorized  to  expend  five  thousand  dollars  of  the  amount  hereby 
appropriated  to  especially  investigate  hemorrhagic  septicemia,  infectious  cerebro- 
spinal meningitis,  and  malignant  catarrh,  prevalent  among  domestic  animals  in 
the  State  of  Minnesota  and  adjoining  States,  to  work  out,  if  possible,  in  cooperation 
with  the  Minnesota  Experiment  Station,  the  problem  of  prevention  by  developing 
antitoxin  or  preventive  vaccines  and  to  secure  and  diffuse  information  alon<:  these 
lines,  provided  that  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  is  authorized  to  purchase  in  the 
open  market  samples  of  all  tuberculin  serums,  antitoxins,  or  analogous  products,  <>f 
foreign  or  domestic  manufacture,  which  are  sold  in  the  United  States  for  the  detec- 
tion, prevention,  treatment,  or  cure  of  disease-  of  domestic  animals,  to  test  the  same, 
and  to  publish  the  results  of  said  test-  in  such  manner  as  he  may  deem  best. 

For  experiments  in  animal  feeding  and  breeding,  in  cooperation  with  the  State 
agricultural  stations,  fifty  thousand  dollars.  *  *  *  To  enable  the  Secretary  of 
Agriculture  to  undertake  experimental  work  in  cooperation  with  State  authorities  in 
eradicating  the  ticks. transmitting  BOUthen]  cattle  fever,  one  hundred  and  fifty  thou- 
sand dollars,  of  which  sum  twenty-live  thousand  dollars  shall  be  immediately 
available. 


ncluding  thirty-one  thousand  two  hundred  and  twenty  dollars  for  statutory 

salaries. 


12 

Bureau  of  Plant  Industry.  *  *  *  To  investigate  fruits,  fruit  trees,  grain, 
cotton,  tobacco,  vegetables,  grasses,  forage,  drug,  medicinal,  poisonous,  fiber,  and 
other  plants  and  plant  industries,  in  cooperation  with  other  branches  of  the  Depart- 
ment, the  State  experiment  stations,  and  practical  farmers;  *  *  *  to  model 
fruits,  vegetables,  and  other  plants,  and  furnish  duplicate  models  to  the  experiment 
stations  of  the  several  States,  as  far  as  found  practicable.  *  *  *  Thirty-six  thou- 
sand dollars  *  *  *  or  so  much  thereof  as  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  shall 
direct  may  be  used  to  collect,  purchase,  test,  propagate,  and  distribute  rare  and 
valuable  seeds,  bulbs,  trees,  shrubs,  vines,  cuttings,  and  plants  from  foreign  coun- 
tries or  from  our  possessions  for  experiments  with  reference  to  their  introduction 
into  and  cultivation  in  this  country;  and  the  seeds,  bulbs,  trees,  shrubs,  vines,  cut- 
tings, and  plants  thus  collected,  purchased,  tested,  and  propagated  shall  not  be 
included  in  general  distribution,  but  shall  be  used  for  experimental  tests,  to  be  car- 
ried on  with  the  cooperation  of  the  agricultural  experiment  stations.  *  *  *  To 
enable  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  to  meet  the  emergency  caused  by  the  continued 
spread  of  the  Mexican  cotton  boll  weevil  in  the  Southern  States  by  encouraging  the 
diversification  of  crops,  improved  cultural  methods,  breeding  of  new  cottons,  and  to 
study  the  diseases  of  cotton,  one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars,  or  so  much 
thereof  as  may  be  necessary,  of  which  sum  forty  thousand  dollars  shall  be  imme- 
diately available.  And  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  is  hereby  authorized  to  expend 
said  appropriation  in  such  manner  as  he  shall  deem  best,  in  cooperation  with  the 
State  experiment  stations  and  practical  cotton  growers. 

Bureau  of  Chemistry.  *  *  *  To  study,  in  collaboration  with  the  Weather 
Bureau,  the  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry,  and  agricultural  experiment  stations,  the 
influence  of  environment  upon  the  chemical  composition  of  wheat  and  other  cereals, 
with  especial  reference  to  the  variation  in  the  content  of  gluten,  and  the  suitability 
of  barley  for  brewing  and  other  purposes.  To  investigate  the  chemical  composition 
of  sugar  and  starch  producing  plants  in  the  United  States  and  its  possessions,  and, 
in  collaboration  with  the  Weather  Bureau,  the  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry,  and  agri- 
cultural experiment  stations,  to  study  the  effects  of  environment  upon  the  chemical 
composition  of  sugar  and  starch  producing  plants. 

Bureau  of  Entomology.  *  *  *  To  enable  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  to  meet 
the  emergency  caused  by  the  continued  spread  of  the  gypsy  and  brown-tail  moths, 
one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars,  or  so  much  thereof  as  may  be  necessary,  is 
hereby  appropriated  and  made  immediately  available.  And  the  Secretary  of  Agri- 
culture is  hereby  authorized  to  expend  said  appropriation  by  establishing  a  quaran- 
tine against  such  further  spread  in  such  manner  as  he  shall  deem  best,  in  cooperation 
with  the  authorities  of  the  different  States  concerned  and  with  the  State  experiment 
stations. 

Office  of  Public  Roads.  To  enable  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  *  *  * 
"to  assist  the  agricultural  colleges  and  experiment  stations  in  disseminating 
information  on  the  subject  [of  roads]." 

REGULATIONS  OF  THE  POST-OFFICE  DEPARTMENT  CONCERNING 
AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION  PUBLICATIONS. 

Section  372  of  the  Postal  Laws  and  Regulations  of  the  United  States 
reads  as  follows:  Regulations  for  free  transmission  of  bulletins  and 
reports  [under  the  act  of  Congress  of  March  2, 1887]  are  prescribed  as 
follows: 

(1)  Any  claimant  of  the  privilege  must  apply  for  authority  to  exercise  it  to  the 
Postmaster-General,  stating  the  date  of  the  establishment  of  such  station,  its  proper 
name  or  designation,  its  official  organization,  and  the  names  of  its  officers;  the  name 
of  the  university,  college,  school,  or  institution  to  which  it  is  attached,  if  any,  the 


13 

legislation  of  the  State  or  Territory  providing  for  its  establishment,  and  any  other 
granting  it  the  benefitsof  the  provision  made  by  Congress  as  aforesaid  (accompanied 
by  a  copy  of  the  act  or  acts),  and  whether  any  other  such  station  in  the  same  State 
or  Territory  is  considered,  or  claims  to  be,  also  entitled  to  the  privilege;  and  also  the 
place  of  its  location  and  the  name  of  the  post-office  where  the  bulletins  and  reports 
will  be  mailed.  The  application  must  be  signed  by  the  officer  in  charge  of  the 
station. 

(2)  If  such  application  be  allowed  after  examination  by  the  Department,  the 
postmaster  at  the  proper  office  will  be  instructed  to  admit  such  bulletins  and 
reports  to  the  mails  in  compliance  with  these  regulations,  and  the  officer  in 
charge  of  the  station  will  be  notified  thereof. 

(3)  Only  such  bulletins  or  reports  as  shall  have  been  issued  after  the  station 
became  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  the  act  can  be  transmitted  free,  and  such  bulletins 
or  reports  may  be  inclosed  in  envelopes  or  wrappers,  sealed  or  unsealed.  On  the 
exterior  of  every  envelope,  wrapper,  or  package  must  be  written  or  printed  the 
name  of  the  station  and  place  of  its  location,  the  designation  of  the  inclosed  bulletin 
or  report,  and  the  word  "Free  "  over  the  signature,  or  facsimile  thereof,  of  the  officer 
in  charge  of  the  station,  to  be  affixed  by  himself  or  by  some  one  duly  deputed  by  him 
for  that  purpose.  There  may  also  be  written  or  printed  upon  the  envelope  or  wrap- 
per a  request  that  the  postmaster  at  the  office  of  delivery  will  notify  the  mailing 
station  of  the  change  of  address  of  the  addressee,  or  other  reason  for  inability  to 
deliver  the  same,  and  upon  a  bulk  package  a  request  to  the  postmaster  to  open  and 
distribute  the  "  franked"  matter  therein  in  accordance  with  the  address  thereon. 

Bulletins  published  by  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture  and  analogous 
to  those  of  the  station,  and  entitled  to  be  mailed  free  under  the  penalty  envelope  of 
that  Department,  may  also  be  adopted  and  mailed  by  the  several  stations,  with  their 
own  publications,  under  the  same  regulations,  and  any  bulletins  or  reports  mailable 
free  by  any  agricultural  experiment  station  under  these  regulations  may  be  so  mailed 
by  any  other  station  having  free  mailing  authority. 

If  such  station's  annual  reports  be  printed  by  State  authority,  and  consist  in  part 
of  matter  relating  to  the  land-grant  college  to  which  such  station  is  attached,  then 
said  report  may  be  mailed  free  entire  by  the  director  of  the  station;  provided,  in  his 
judgment,  the  whole  consists  of  useful  information  of  an  agricultural  character. 

(4)  The  bulletins  may  be  mailed  to  the  stations,  newspapers,  or  persons  to  whom 
they  are  by  the  foregoing  act  authorized  to  be  sent,  and  the  annual  reports  to  any 
address  in  the  United  States,  Canada,  Mexico,  or  Hawaiian  Kingdom  (Sandwich 
Islands),  but  not  to  other  foreign  countries,  free  of  postage. 

An  order  of  the  Postmaster-General,  dated  January  3,  1899,  provides  "  That  any 
article  entitled  to  transmission  free  of  postage  in  the  domestic  mails  of  the  United 
States,  either  in  a  'penalty'  envelope  or  under  a  duly  authorized  'frank,'  shall  be 
entitled  likewise  to  transmission  by  mail  free  of  postage  between  places  in  Hawaii, 
Cuba,  Porto  Rico,  and  the  Philippine  Islands;  from  the  United  States  to  those 
islands,  and  from  those  islands  to  the  United  States." 

Among  rulings  on  matters  of  detail  the  following  are  the  most  important: 

"  In  sending  out  bulletins  from  an  agricultural  experiment  station  it  is  permissible 
to  inclose  postal  cards  to  enable  correspondents  of  the  station  to  acknowledge  the 
receipt  of  its  publications  and  to  request  their  continuous  transmission. 

"Copies  of  the  reports  or  bulletins  of  the  agricultural  experiment  stations,  which 
are  purchased,  paid,  or  subscribed  for,  or  otherwise  disposed  of  for  gain,  when  sent 
in  the  mails,  are  not  entitled  to  free  carriage  under  the  '  frank'  of  the  director  of  the 
station.-' 

Station  bulletins  and  reports,  consisting  of  typewritten  matter  duplicated  on  a 
mimeograph  or  other  duplicating  machine,  "  retain  their  character  as  free  matter 
when  properly  franked  by  the  director  of  the  station." 


14 

Cards  upon  which  are  printed  bulletins  issued  by  agricultural  experiment  stations 
established  under  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  March  2,  1887,  may  be  sent  openly  in 
the  mails,  free  of  postage,  provided  the  address  side  of  such  cards  bears  the  indicia 
prescribed  in  paragraph  3,  section  517,  Postal  Laws  and  Kegulations,  for  envelopes 
used  by  the  experiment  stations  referred  to  in  mailing  copies  of  their  bulletins  and 
reports. 

Reports  of  the  State  boards  of  agriculture  or  other  State  boards,  commissioners, 
or  officers,  even  though  they  contain  station  bulletins  and  reports,  can  not  be  sent 
free  through  the  mails  under  the  frank  of  the  director  of  the  station. 

The  catalogue  of  the  college  of  which  the  station  is  a  department  can  not  be  sent 
free  through  the  mails  under  the  frank  of  the  director  of  the  station,  whether  said 
catalogue  is  published  separately  or  is  bound  together  with  a  station  publication. 

RULINGS    OF   THE    TREASURY    DEPARTMENT   AFFECTING  AGRI- 
CULTURAL EXPERIMENT  STATIONS. 

From  copies  of  letters  addressed  to  the  Secretar}^  of  the  Treasury 
and  others  by  the  First  Comptroller  of  the  Treasur}^  relating*  to  the 
construction  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  March  2, 1887,  and  acts  supple- 
mentary thereto,  the  following  digest  has  been  prepared  for  the  use 
of  the  stations.  The  sections  are  those  of  the  act,  the  dates  those  of 
the  decisions  by  the  Comptroller: 

Section  3— January  30,  1888. 

That  the  annual  financial  statement  of  the  stations,  with  vouchers,  should  not  be 
sent  to  the  Treasury  Department,  but  that  a  copy  simply  of  the  report  that  is  made 
to  the  governor  is  to  be  sent  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

Section  3 — January  31,  1888. 

First.  That  the  Treasury  Department  will  not  require  officers  of  experiment  sta- 
tions to  do  or  perform  anything  not  specifically  required  by  said  bill. 

Second.  That  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  is  not  required  to  take  a  bond  of  the 
officers  of  said  stations  for  the  money  paid  over  under  the  provisions  of  said  act. 

Third.  That  no  reports  will  be  required  from  the  stations  directly  to  the  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury;  but  the  governor  of  the  State  must  send  to  the  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury  a  copy  of  the  report  made  to  him  by  the  colleges  or  stations. 

Section  4 — December  16,  1895. 

The  Solicitor  of  the  Treasury  writes:  "1  am  of  the  opinion  that  there  is  no 
authority  for  an  agricultural  experiment  station  to  sell  its  bulletins  outside  of  the 
State  or  Territory.  Congress  appropriates  for  the  publication  and  free  distribution 
of  the  bulletins,  and  neither  expressly  nor  by  necesssry  implication  authorizes  their 
sale." 

Section  6 — August  2,  1888. 

The  fiscal  year  commences  on  the  1st  day  of  July,  corresponding  with  the  fiscal 
year  of  the  Government. 

An  agricultural  station  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  said  appropriations  made  by 
Congress  can  anticipate  the  payment  to  be  made  July  1,  and  make  contracts  of  pur- 
chases prior  to  that  time,  if  it  shall  be  necessary  to  carry  on  the  work  of  the  station. 
Of  course,  no  portion  of  said  appropriations  paid  in  quarterly  installments  can  be 


15 

drawn  from  the  Treasury  unless  needed  for  the  purposes  indicated  in  the  act;  and  so 
much  of  what  is  so  drawn  as  may  not  have  been  expended  within  the  year  musl  be 
accounted  for  as  part  of  the  appropriation  for  the  following  year. 

Section  8— January  30,  1888. 

The  State  of  New  York  ought  to  designate  whether  to  the  college  or  to  the  -tat  ion 
or  to  both  it  desires  the  appropriation  to  be  applied.  The  eighth  section  of  the  act 
seems  to  authorize  the  State  to  apply  such  benefits  to  experimental  stations  it  may 
have  established  as  it  desires. 

Where  there  are  no  experimental  stations  connected  with  the  colleges,  the  legisla- 
tures of  such  States  must  connect  the  agricultural  experiment  station  with  the  col- 
leges already  established  under  the  act  of  July  2,  1862;  there  is  no  authority  in  the 
act  authorizing  the  establishment  of  agricultural  experiment  stations  independent  of 
said  colleges. 

The  act  contemplates  that  where  stations  have  already  been  established  discon- 
nected from  the  colleges  the  legislatures  of  such  States  may  make  such  provisions  in 
regard  thereto  as  they  may  deem  proper;  but  it  does  not  authorize  the  establishment 
of  stations  except  in  connection  with  the  colleges  that  were  at  that  time  or  might 
hereafter  be  established  under  the  act  of  July  2,  1862. 

Section  8 — February  14,  1888. 

Where  there  is  an  agricultural  college  or  station  which  may  have  been  established 
by  State  authority  and  is  maintained  by  the  State,  the  eighth  section  of  the  above 
act  would  authorize  the  State  to  designate  the  station  to  which  it  desired  the  appro- 
priation to  be  applied,  whether  to  one  or  more,  or  all,  and  the  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury  should  make  the  payment  under  the  appropriation  to  whichever  one  the 
State  might  desire. 

Sections  1  and  8 — February  15,  1888. 

(1)  When  an  agricultural  college  or  station  has  been  established  under  the  act  of 
July  2, 1862,  each  college  is  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  the  provisions  of  said  act  (i.  e., 
of  March  2,  1887). 

(2)  In  a  State  where  an  agricultural  college  has  been  established  under  the  act  of 
July  2,  1862,  and  agricultural  stations  have  also  been  established,  either  under  the 
act  of  July  2, 1862,  or  by  State  authority,  before  March  2,  1887,  the  legislature  of  such 
State  shall  determine  which  one  of  said  institutions,  or  how  many  of  them,  shall 
receive  the  benefits  of  the  act  of  March  2,  1887. 

(3)  If  the  legislature  of  any  State  in  which  an  agricultural  college  has  been  estab- 
lished under  the  act  of  July  2,  1862,  desires  to  establish  an  agricultural  station  which 
shall  be  entitled  to  the  benefits  of  said  act,  it  must  establish  such  station  in  connec- 
tion with  said  college. 

Proviso  to  Sections  1  and  8 — December  7,  1888. 

It  is  within  the  power  of  the  legislature  of  any  State  that  has  accepted  the  provi- 
sions of  said  act  of  March  2,  1887,  to  dispose  of  the  amount  appropriated  by  ( 'ongress 
for  said  station  to  either  one  or  all  of  the  agricultural  colleges  or  stations  which  may 
have  been  established  in  said  State  by  virtue  of  either  the  provisions  of  the  act  of 
July  2,  1862,  or  the  provisions  of  said  eighth  section  of  the  act  of  March  2,  1  - 

The  whole  responsibility  rests  upon  the  State  legislature  as  to  how  the  fond  appro- 
priated by  Congress  shall  be  distributed  among  these  various  institutions  of  the 
State,  provided  there  is  one  or  more  agricultural  colleges  with  which  an  agricultural 
station  is  connected  or  one  or  more  agricultural  station-. 


16 

RULINGS  OF  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE  ON  THE 
WORK  AND  EXPENDITURES  OF  AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT 
STATIONS,  a 

In  connection  with  examinations  of  the  work  and  expenditures  of 
the  agricultural  experiment  stations  established  in  accordance  with 
the  act  of  Congress  of  March  2,  1887,  and  further  endowed  under  act 
of  Congress  of  March  16,  1906,  under  authority  given  to  the  Secretary 
of  Agriculture  by  Congress,  questions  have  arisen  which  have  seemed 
to  make  it  advisable  to  formulate  the  views  of  this  Department  on 
certain  matters  affecting  the  management  of  the  stations  under  those 
acts.  The  rulings  which  have  been  made  from  time  to  time  on  points 
which  seemed  to  require  special  attention  are  as  follows: 

EXPENDITURES    FOR   PERMANENT   SUBSTATIONS. 

This  Department  holds  that  the  expenditure  of  funds  appropriated  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  March  2,  1887,  for  the  maintenance  of 
permanent  substations  is  contrary  to  the  spirit  and  intent  of  said  act.  The  act  pro- 
vides for  an  experiment  station  in  each  State  and  Territory,  which,  except  in  cases 
specified  in  the  act,  is  to  be  a  department  of  the  college  established  under  the  act 
of  Congress  of  July  2,  1862.  The  objects  of  the  stations,  as  defined  in  the  first- 
mentioned  act,  are  evidently  of  such  a  character  as  to  necessitate  the  services  of 
scientific  and  expert  workers.  Most  of  the  lines  of  investigation  named  in  the  act 
are  general,  rather  than  local,  and  involve  scientific  equipment  and  work.  It  is 
obviously  the  intent  that  the  stations  established  under  this  act  shall  carry  on 
important  investigations  which  shall  be  of  general  benefit  to  the  agriculture  of  the 
several  States  and  Territories.  The  sum  of  $15,000,  which  is  annually  appropriated 
by  Congress  under  this  act  for  each  station,  is  only  sufficient  to  carry  out  a  limited 
number  of  investigations  of  the  kind  contemplated  by  the  act. 

As  the  work  of  the  stations  in  the  different  States  has  developed,  it  has  been  found 
necessary  to  limit,  rather  than  expand,  the  lines  of  work  of  the  individual  stations. 
Thorough  work  in  a  few  lines  has  been  found  much  more  effective  and  productive 
of  more  useful  results  than  small  investigations  in  numerous  lines.  When  we  con- 
sider the  nature  of  the  investigations,  the  amount  of  money  provided  for  the  work 
of  each  station,  and  the  fact  that  the  act  expressly  provides  for  only  a  single  station 
in  connection  with  each  college,  it  becomes  very  clear  that  expenditures  such  as  are 
necessary  to  effectually  maintain  permanent  substations  ought  not  to  be  made  from 
the  funds  granted  by  Congress  to  the  States  and  Territories  for  experiment  stations. 
The  maintenance  of  permanent  substations,  as  a  rule,  involves  the  erection  of  build- 
ings and  the  making  of  other  permanent  improvements.  The  sums  of  money  which 
can  be  expended  for  permanent  improvements  under  the  act  of  Congress  aforesaid 
are  so  small  that  it  is  clear  thoy  were  not  intended  to  meet  the  needs  of  more  than 
one  station  in  each  State  and  Territory. 

When  the  legislature  of  a  State  or  Territory  has  given  its  assent  to  the  provisions 
of  the  act  of  Congress  of  March  2,  1887,  and  has  designated  the  institution  which 
shall  receive  the  benefits  of  said  act,  it  would  seem  to  have  exhausted  its  powers  in 
the  matter.  The  responsibility  for  the  maintenance  of  an  experiment  station  under 
said  act  devolves  upon  the  governing  board  of  the  institution  thus  designated.  If 
the  legislature  of  the  State  or  Territory  sees  fit  to  provide  funds  for  the  equipment 
and  maintenance  of  other  experiment  stations  and  to  put  them  under  the  control  of 


«U.  S.  Dept.  Agr.,  Office  of  Experiment  Stations  Circ.  29. 


17 

the  same  governing  board,  well  and  good,  but  this  docs  not  in  any  way  diminish  the 
responsibility  of  the  board  to  administer  the  funds  granted  by  Congress  in  accordance 

with  the  provisions  of  said  act. 

The  wisdom  of  Congress  in  limiting  the  number  of  stations  to  be  established  in 
each  State  and  Territory  under  the  aforesaid  act  has  been  clearly  shown  by  the 
experience  of  the  few  States  and  Territories  which  have  attempted  the  maintenance 
of  substations  with  the  funds  granted  under  said  act.  The  expense  of  maintaining 
substations  has,  as  a  rule,  materially  weakened  the  central  station,  and  the  investi- 
gations carried  on  at  the  substations  have  been  superficial  and  temporary.  It  is 
granted  that  in  many  States  and  Territories  more  than  one  agricultural  experiment 
station  might  do  useful  work,  and  in  some  States  more  than  one  station  has  already 
been  successfully  maintained;  but  in  all  these  cases  the  State  has  given  funds  from 
its  own  treasury  to  supplement  those  given  by  Congress.  It  is  also  granted  that 
experiment  stations  established  under  said  act  of  Congress  and  having  no  other  funds 
than  those  provided  by  that  act  will  often  need  to  carry  on  investigations  in  different 
localities  in  their  respective  States  and  Territories,  but  it  is  held  that  this  should  be 
done  in  such  a  way  as  will  secure  the  thorough  supervision  of  such  investigations  by 
the  expert  officers  of  the  station  and  that  arrangements  for  such  experimental 
inquiries  should  not  be  of  so  permanent  a  character  as  to  prevent  the  station  from 
shifting  its  work  from  place  to  place  as  circumstances  may  require,  nor  involve  the 
expenditure  of  funds  in  such  amounts  and  in  such  ways  as  will  weaken  the  work  of 
the  station  as  a  whole. 

As  far  as  practicable  the  cooperation  of  individuals  and  communities  benefited  by 
these  special  investigations  should  be  sought  and,  if  necessary,  the  aid  of  the  States 
invoked  to  carry  on  enterprises  too  great  to  be  successfully  conducted  within  the 
limits  of  the  appropriation  granted  by  Congress  under  the  act  aforesaid. 

PURCHASE    OR   RENTAL    OF   LANDS    FOR   AGRICULTURAL   EXPERIMENT   STATIONS. 

This  Department  holds  that  the  purchase  or  rental  of  lands  by  the  experiment 
stations  from  the  funds  appropriated  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  act  of 
Congress  of  March  2,  1887,  is  contrary  to  the  spirit  and  intent  of  said  act.  The  act 
provides  for  "paying  the  necessary  expenses  of  conducting  investigations  and  experi- 
ments and  printing  and  distributing  the  results.  *  *  *  Provided,  however,  That 
out  of  the  first  annual  appropriation  so  received  by  any  station  an  amount  not 
exceeding  one-fifth  may  be  expended  in  the  erection,  enlargement,  or  repair  of  a 
building  or  buildings  necessary  for  carrying  on  the  work  of  such  stations;  and  there- 
after an  amount  not  exceeding  5  per  centum  of  such  annual  appropriation  may  be  so 
expended."  The  only  reference  to  land  for  the  station  in  the  act  is  in  section  8, 
where  State  legislatures  are  authorized  to  apply  appropriations  made  under  said  act 
to  separate  agricultural  colleges  or  schools  established  by  the  State  "winch  shall 
have  connected  therewith  an  experimental  farm  or  station."  The  strict  limitation 
of  the  amount  provided  for  buildings  and  the  absence  of  any  provision  for  the  pur- 
chase or  rental  of  lands,  when  taken  in  connection  with  the  statement  in  the  eighth 
section,  which  treats  the  farm  as  in  a  sense  a  necessary  adjunct  of  the  educational 
institution  to  which  the  whole  or  a  part  of  the  funds  appropriated  in  accordance 
with  said  act  might  in  certain  cases  be  devoted,  point  to  the  conclusion  that  it  was 
expected  that  the  institution  of  which  the  station  is  a  department  would  supply  the 
land  needed  for  experimental  purposes  and  that  charges  for  the  purchase  or  rental 
of  lands  would  not  be  made  against  the  funds  provided  by  Congress  for  the  experi- 
ment station.  This  conclusion  i<  reenforced  by  consideration  of  a  wise  and  economic 
policy  in  the  management  of  agricultural  experiment  statii  lating 

to  cases  in  which  it  might  be  desirable  for  the  station  t.>  have  land  for  experimental 
purposes  in  different  localities.    The  investigations  carried  on  by  tin-  stations  in  such 


18 

cases  being  for  the  direct  benefit  of  agriculture  in  the  localities  where  the  work  is 
done,  it  seems  only  reasonable  that  persons  or  communities  whose  interests  will  be 
advanced  by  the  station  work  should  contribute  the  use  of  the  small  tracts  of  land 
which  will  be  required  for  experimental  purposes:  Experience  shows  that  in  most 
cases  the  stations  have  had  no  difficulty  in  securing  such  land  as  they  needed  without 
expense,  and  it  is  believed  that  this  may  be  done  in  every  case  without  injuriously 
affecting  the  interests  of  the  stations. 

EXPENDITURES    BY    AGRICULTURAL    EXPERIMENT    STATIONS    FOR    CARRYING    ON    FARM 

OPERATIONS. 

This  Department  holds  that  expenses  incurred  in  conducting  the  operations  of 
farms,  whether  the  farms  are  connected  with  institutions  established  under  the  act 
of  Congress  of  July  2,  1862,  or  not,  are  not  a  proper  charge  against  the  funds  appro- 
priated by  Congress  for  agricultural  experiment  stations  in  accordance  with  the  act 
of  Congress  of  March  2,  1887,  unless  such  operations  definitely  constitute  a  part 
of  agricultural  investigations  or  experiments  planned  and  conducted  in  accordance 
with  the  terms  of  the  act  aforesaid,  under  rules  and  regulations  prescribed  by  the 
governing  board  of  the  station.  The  performance  of  ordinary  farm  operations  by  an 
experiment  station  does  not  constitute  experimental  work.  Operations  of  this  char- 
acter by  an  experiment  station  should  be  confined  to  such  as  are  a  necessary  part  of 
experimental  inquiries.  Carrying  on  a  farm  for  profit  or  as  a  model  farm,  or  to 
secure  funds  which  may  be  afterwards  devoted  to  the  erection  of  buildings  for  experi- 
ment station  purposes,  to  the  further  development  of  experimental  investigation,  or  to 
any  other  purpose,  however  laudable  and  desirable,  is  not  contemplated  by  the  law  as 
a  part  of  the  functions  of  an  agricultural  experiment  station  established  under  the  act 
of  Congress  of  March  2,  1887.  Section  5  of  that  act  plainTy  limits  the  expenditures 
of  funds  appropriated  in  accordance  with  said  act  to  "the  necessary  expenses  of  con- 
ducting investigations  and  experiments  and  printing  and  distributing  the  results. ' ' 

FUNDS   ARISING    FROM    THE   SALE   OF   FARM    PRODUCTS   OR   OTHER   PROPERTY   OF   AN 
AGRICULTURAL    EXPERIMENT   STATION. 

This  Department  holds  that  moneys  received  from  the  sales  of  farm  products  or 
other  property  in  the  possession  of  an  agricultural  experiment  station  as  the  result  of 
expenditures  of  funds  received  by  the  station  in  accordance  with  the  act  of  Congress 
of  March  2,  1887,  rightfully  belong  to  the  experiment  station  as  a  department  of  the 
college  or  other  institution  with  which  it  is  connected,  and  may  be  expended  in 
accordance  with  the  laws  or  regulations  governing  the  financial  transactions  of  the 
governing  board  of  the  station,  provided  however,  that  all  expenses  attending  such 
sales,  including  those  attending  the  delivery  of  the  property  into  the  possession  of 
the  purchaser,  should  be  deducted  from  the  gross  receipts  from  the  sales  and  should 
not  be  made  a  charge  against  the  funds  appropriated  by  Congress. 

.LIMIT   OF    EXPENDITURES   OF    EXPERIMENT   STATIONS    DURING    ONE    FISCAL   YEAR. 

This  Department  holds  that  expenses  incurred  by  an  agricultural  experiment  sta- 
tion in  any  one  fiscal  year  to  be  paid  from  the  funds  provided  under  the  act  of  Con- 
gress of  March  2,  1887,  should  not  exceed  the  amount  appropriated  to  the  station  by 
Congress  for  that  year,  and  especially  that  all  personal  services  should  be  paid  for 
out  of  the  appropriation  of  the  year  in  which  they  were  performed,  and  that  claims 
for  compensation  for  such  services  can  not  properly  be  paid  out  of  the  appropria- 
tions for  succeeding  years.  The  several  appropriations  for  experiment  stations 
under  the  aforesaid  act  are  for  one  year  only,  and  officers  of  experiment  stations 
have  no  authority  to  contract  for  expenditures  beyond  the  year  for  which  Congress 
has  made  appropriations. 


19 

This  is  plainly  implied  in  the  act  aforesaid,  inasmuch  as  section  6  provides  that 
unexpended  balances  Bhall  revert  to  the  Treasury  of  the  United  states,  "in  order 

that  the  amount  of  money  appropriated  to  any  station  shall  not  exceed  the  amount 
actually  and  necessarily  required  for  its  maintenance  and  support.'-  The  annua! 
financial  report  rendered  in  the  form  prescribed  by  this  Department  should  in  every 
case  include  only  the  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  fiscal  year  for  which  the 
report  is  made. 

EXPENDITURES    BY    AGRICULTURAL    EXPERIMENT    STATIONS     FOR    A    WATER    SYSTEM     TO    BE 
CHARGED    UNDER    "BUILDINGS    AND    REPAIRS." 

This  Department  holds  that  expenditures  by  agricultural  experiment  stations 
from  the  funds  appropriated  in  accordance  with  the  act  of  Congress  of  March  2, 
1887,  for  the  construction  of  wells,  cisterns,  ponds,  or  other  reservoirs  for  the  storage 
of  water,  and  for  piping,  and  other  materials  for  a  system  of  storing  and  distributing 
water,  are  properly  charged,  under  abstract  18  in  the  schedule  for  financial  reports 
prescribed  by  this  Department,  as  being  for  improvements  on  lands  which  have 
hitherto  been  held  to  come  under  the  head  of  "  buildings  and  repairs."  The  fact 
that  a  water  system  may  be  a  necessary  adjunct  of  certain  experimental  inquiries 
does  not  affect  the  case,  inasmuch  as  the  limitations  on  expenditures  for  improve- 
ments contained  in  section  5  of  the  act  of  Congress  of  March  2,  1887,  expressly 
stipulate  that  these  improvements  shall  be  such  as  are  necessary  for  carrying  on  the 
work  of  the  station. 

EXPENDITURES     BY     AGRICULTURAL     EXPERIMENT     STATIONS     FOR     MEMBERSHIP     IN    AGRI- 
CULTURAL  AND    OTHER   ORGANIZATIONS. 

This  Department  holds  that  membership  fees  in  associations  and  other  organiza- 
tions are  not  a  proper  charge  against  the  funds  appropriated  by  Congress  in  accord- 
ance with  the  act  of  March  2,  1887,  except  in  the  case  of  the  Association  of  Ameri- 
can Agricultural  Colleges  and  Experiment  Stations,  which  is  held  to  be  an  essential 
part 'of  the  system  of  experiment  stations  established  under  said  act. 

THE    BORROWING     OF     MONEY     TO     PAY     THE     EXPENSES     OF   AGRICULTURAL     EXPERIMENT 

STATIONS. 

This  Department  holds  that  experiment  station  officers  have  no  authority  to  bor- 
row money  to  be  repaid  out  of  appropriations  made  under  the  act  of  Congress  of 
March  2,  1887,  and  that  charges  for  interest  can  not  properly  be  made  against  funds 
appropriated  under  that  act. 

THE    USE    OF    EXPERIMENT   STATION    FUNDS    FOR   COLLEGE   PURPOSES. 

This  Department  holds  that  no  portion  of  the  funds  appropriated  by  Congress  in 
accordance  with  the  act  of  March  2,  1887,  can  legally  be  used,  either  directly  or 
indirectly,  for  paying  the  salaries  or  wages  of  professors,  teachers,  or  other  persons 
whose  duties  are  confined  to  teaching,  administration,  or  other  work  in  connection 
with  the  courses  of  instruction  given  in  the  colleges  with  which  the  stations  art- 
connected  or  in  any  other  educational  institution;  nor  should  any  other  expenses 
connected  with  the  work  or  facilities  for  instruction  in  school  or  college  course-  be 
paid  from  said  fund.  In  case  the  same  persons  are  employed  in  both  the  experiment 
station  and  the  other  departments  of  the  college  with  which  the  station  is  con.. 
a  fair  and  equitable  division  of  salaries  or  wages  should  be  made,  and  in  case  of  any 
other  expenditures  for  the  joint  benefit  of  the  experiment  station  and  the  other 
departments  of  the  college  the  aforesaid  funds  should  be  charged  with  only  a  fair 
share  of  such  expenditui 


UNIVERSITY  OF  FLORIDA 

20  3  1262  09216  2865 

EXTRACT  FROM  CIRCULAR  LETTER  OF  THE  SECRETARY  OF 
AGRICULTURE  OF  MARCH  20,  1906,  REGARDING  THE  ACT  OF 
CONGRESS  OF  MARCH  16,  1906,  KNOWN  AS  THE  ADAMS  ACT. 

*  *  #  The  Director  of  the  Office  of  Experiment  Stations  is  hereby  designated 
my  representative  in  all  matters  relating-  to  the  business  of  this  Department  in  con- 
nection with  the  administration  of  this  law,  and  the  Office  of  Experiment  Stations 
will  aid  in  promoting  effective  work  under  this  act  in  the  same  general  way  as  it  has 
heretofore  in  relation  to  the  Hatch  Act. 

Under  the  terms  of  the  act  it  will  be  necessary  that  a  separate  account  of  the 
Adams  fund  shall  be  kept  at  each  station,  which  should  be  open  at  all  times  to  the 
inspection  of  the  Director  of  the  Office  of  Experiment  Stations  or  his  accredited 
representative. 

In  the  interpretation  of  this  act  and  the  examination  of  the  work  and  expenditures 
of  the  stations  under  it  I  have  instructed  the  Director  of  the  Office  of  Experiment 
Stations  to  be  guided  by  the  following  principles: 

The  Adams  fund  is  "to  be  applied  only  to  paying  the  necessary  expenses  of  con- 
ducting original  researches  or  experiments  bearing  directly  on  the  agricultural 
industry  of  the  United  States."  It  is  for  the  "more  complete  endowment  and 
maintenance"  of  the  experiment  stations,  presupposing  the  provision  of  a  working 
plant  and  administrative  officers.  Accordingly,  expenses  for  administration,  care  of 
buildings  and  grounds,  insurance,  office  furniture  and  fittings,  general  maintenance 
of  the  station  farm  and  animals,  verification  and  demonstration  experiments,  com- 
pilations, farmers'  institute  work,  traveling,  except  as  is  immediately  connected 
with  original  researches  in  progress  under  this  act,  and  other  general  expenses  for 
the  maintenance  of  the  experiment  stations,  are  not  to  be  charged  to  this  fund. 
The  act  makes  no  provision  for  printing  or  for  the  distribution  of  publications,  which 
should  be  charged  to  other  funds.     *    *    * 

o 


